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Home > Macroeconomic and sectoral statistics > Government finance > Government debt

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Government debt

Government debt is a stock of government liabilities at the end of the period. Currency and deposits, loans and debt securities are the instruments that are included in the definition of general government gross debt in Council Regulation (EC) No 479/2009 as amended by Commission Regulation No 220/2014 (Maastricht debt). They are defined in terms of the ESA 2010 classifications. Government debt is measured at "nominal value" - further defined in the Regulation as "face value". This means, in particular, that government debt is not affected by changes in market interest rates, and excludes unpaid accrued interest.

Overview
Publications and Dashboards
Methodology

Publication	Tables
Economic Bulletin	6. Fiscal developments
Statistics Bulletin	6. Government finance 6.1 Revenue, expenditure and deficit/surplus 6.2 Debt 6.3 Deficit-debt adjustment 6.4 Government debt securities 6.5 Fiscal developments in euro area countries
ESRB Risk Dashboard	2. Macro Risk 2.6 General government debt-to-GDP 2.7 General government deficit-to-GDP 2.9 Debt service
Debt securities issuance and service by EU governments	Full Report Methodological note Euro Area National tables

Explore government finance data interactively

The ECB's government finance statistics dashboard allows you to access all the latest data for the euro area, the EU and individual EU Member States in graphical form.

For further information on the Government finance statistics, please access the documentation below:

ESA2010 Regulation

ECB Government Finance Statistics Guide

Public Sector Debt Statistics: Guide for Compilers and Users, a useful source of reference for national compilers and users of debt statistics of the general government and, more broadly, the public sector.

Government debt

Gross government debt (consolidated)

Non-consolidated debt

Consolidating elements

Explore government finance data interactively